کانسر

Prostate-specific antigen has been reported in non-prostate cancer tissues such as the breast, ovary, endometrium, kidney, adrenal, liver, salivary glands, and esophagus, as well as in colon cancer tissues. The study aimed to compare the serum level of the above antigen in women with colorectal cancer and the control group.

In this case-control study, 17 female patients with colorectal cancer and 17 healthy women who were admitted to Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan during 2021-2022 were selected and compared in terms of prostate-specific antigen levels.

The median free PSA level in the case group was 0.01 (0.005-0.01), and in the control group was 0.008 (0.007-0.009) (P < 0.001), and the median total PSA level in the two groups was 0.012 (0.007-0.04) and 0.001 (0.001-0.005) ng/dL, respectively (P > 0.001) and the difference between the two groups was significant.

In this study, total and free PSA levels in women with colorectal cancer were significantly higher than healthy women. Total and free PSA serum levels decreased with age, but this inverse correlation was not statistically significant. There was no significant correlation between total and free PSA serum levels and the location or stage of tumors. Measurement of PSA level in women with colorectal cancer may be helpful in the diagnosis of biopsy and applicable for early diagnosis of the disease.

With 6,020 new cases and 1,150 deaths annually in the United States, vulvar cancer is uncommon, resulting in age-adjusted incidence rates of 2.8 and 1.7 per 100,000 in white and black women, respectively. Vulvar cancer represents about 4% to 6% of malignancies of the female genital tract and 0.6% of all cancers in women. Vulvar cancer predominantly affects postmenopausal women, and it is the most common anogenital cancer in women with more than 70 years of age. HPV infection is associated with a significant number of vulvar cancers. Bartholin Gland carcinoma is a rare form of vulvar malignancy that accounts for less than 5% of all vulvar cancers and 0.001% of all genital cancers. The aim of this study was to report a rare case of Bartholin's cancer in a young patient.

The patient was a 37-year-old woman p2l2 (history of two pregnancy and two delivery) who had complains of severe pain in perineal area and was referred to the gynecology emergency clinic, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, in June 2020. In past medical history she had no previous history of medical illnesses or surgical interventions. She had swelling and pain in perineal area since one year ago. Bartholin Gland abscess was diagnosed and she received some oral antibiotics, but did not improve. On the last examination under anesthesia, a firm mass of about 3 cm was palpated in the third distal part of posterior vagina which was at the site of Bartholin Gland and was necrotic. The pathologic report of the mass biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was underwent chemo radiation therapy. At a follow up visit about 5 month later she was cured completely and there was not any symptom of recurrence or metastasis.

In dealing with any patient with diagnosis of Bartholin Gland abscess, in the case of resistance to medical treatment, further evaluation and biopsy of the mass should be considered to rule out Bartholin's gland cancer.

The incidence and prevalence of malignant nasopharyngeal cancers (NPC) are different in each part of the world. The prevalence of this malignancy is about 0.5 in every 1000 people in the USA, while it is about 20 in every 100 people in China. this difference is due to nutritional, environmental, and genetic factors, especially for endemic regions. This malignancy is more common in men and is often seen in the sixth decade of life. We decided to do this study from the point of epidemiologic, clinical, and radiologic findings in patients with nasopharyngeal cancers.

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients who were admitted to the ENT ward with the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from 2004 to 2014. Thirty-two patients were studied from the point of age, gender, risk factors, clinical and radiologic findings.

Of 32 patients, 26 patients (%81) were male, and six patients (%19) were female. The mean age of the patients was 50.28 years old. Nineteen patients were self-employed, 4 were farmers, 3 were staffers, and 6 were house worker women. %84 of the patients had a negative family history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. %66 of the patients had neck mass, and the second most common clinical finding was nasal obstruction. The most common site of tumor origin was the right lateral wall (%37), and the second was the left lateral wall (%28). Eight patients had erosion of the skull base, and 14 patients had tumor expansion to the paranasal sinuses and orbital cavity.

In patients complaining of a neck mass, nasal obstruction, and headache, nasopharyngeal cancer should be highly suspected. Nasal endoscopy and biopsy of the suspected lesion are needed for correct diagnosis and treatment.

Colorectal cancer is a common and lethal disease with 5000 new cases reported each year in Iran. This study was done to estimate the 1, 2-3 and 4-5 year point prevalence of colorectal cancer in Iran.

In this descriptive study we studied the follow-up of 2342 patients with colorectal cancer documented in the cancer registry in Iran during a time period of 4 years from March 2001 to March 2005. One-year, 2-3 year and 4-5 year point prevalence were estimated from incidence rates in different years and proportion of patients surviving 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years after diagnosis.

Proportion of cases surviving 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years from diagnosis were 79.2% , 65.08%, 57.36%, 51.76% and 48.87% respectively. Estimation of prevalence at 1, 2-3 and 4-5 years were 4156, 5715 and 4283 cases, respectively. Cumulative 5 year prevalence was 13954 cases.

Estimates of prevalence at 1, 2-3 and 4-5 years are necessary for the evaluation of initial treatment, clinical follow-up and point of cure, and also for identification of patients who need further social support or health care. Therefore 1, 2-3 and 4-5 year point prevalence estimation are necessary in health service planning for cancer management.

Colorectal cancer is a common and lethal disease with 5000 new cases reported each year in Iran. This study was done to estimate the 1, 2-3 and 4-5 year point prevalence of colorectal cancer in Iran.

In this descriptive study we studied the follow-up of 2342 patients with colorectal cancer documented in the cancer registry in Iran during a time period of 4 years from March 2001 to March 2005. One-year, 2-3 year and 4-5 year point prevalence were estimated from incidence rates in different years and proportion of patients surviving 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years after diagnosis.

Proportion of cases surviving 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 years from diagnosis were 79.2% , 65.08%, 57.36%, 51.76% and 48.87% respectively. Estimation of prevalence at 1, 2-3 and 4-5 years were 4156, 5715 and 4283 cases, respectively. Cumulative 5 year prevalence was 13954 cases.

Estimates of prevalence at 1, 2-3 and 4-5 years are necessary for the evaluation of initial treatment, clinical follow-up and point of cure, and also for identification of patients who need further social support or health care. Therefore 1, 2-3 and 4-5 year point prevalence estimation are necessary in health service planning for cancer management.

In cancer therapy, the need for new treatments is profound. Alone or together, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy cure cancer in almost half of the patients in whom it develops. Immunotherapy like chemotherapy can be delivered systemically to combat metastases. What is more , it normally attacks only diseased cells ignoring healthy ones , so it is more cancer-specific than chemotherapy and radiotherapy which often kill dividing cells indiscriminately. Immunotherapy is a costly and complex treatment with sever side effects, because to determine the dose for each patient and for each kind of malignancy is important in results. This article is review of the latest methods and specially the most promising one Adoptive Immunotherapy in brief.